最经典的BGP+MPLS实验指导手册
理论加实验加配置，这是最好的BGP+MPLS实验指导手册，没有之一！第1章： 高级BGP讲解篇 ............................................................................................... 9
1.1 BGP概述： ........................................................................................................ 9
1.2 定义 .................................................................................................................... 9
1.3 扩展 .................................................................................................................... 9
1.4 详解 .................................................................................................................. 10
1.4.1 背景 .................................................................................................................. 10
1.4.2 操作 .................................................................................................................. 11
1.4.3 路由 .................................................................................................................. 11
1.4.4 BGP消息类型 .................................................................................................. 11
1.4.5 分组格式 .......................................................................................................... 13
1.4.6 同步规则 .......................................................................................................... 14
1.4.7 协议分析 .......................................................................................................... 15
1.4.8 应用 .................................................................................................................. 17
1.4.9 路由的优化 ...................................................................................................... 20
1.4.10 商业价值 .......................................................................................................... 23
1.4.11 选路原则 .......................................................................................................... 24
1.5 讲解提要： ...................................................................................................... 26
1.5.1 BGP的特性及三张表 ...................................................................................... 26
1.5.2 EBGP与IBGP的比较 ....................................................................................... 27
1.5.3 Network与neighbor的比较 ........................................................................... 28
1.5.4 BGP各种报文类型 .......................................................................................... 32
1.5.5 BGP路由聚合以及各参数............................................................................... 34
1.5.6 BGP的各种属性，BGP选路原则，最优条件 ............................................... 36
1.5.7 Dampening，联邦，反射器与对等体组 ........................................................ 40
第2章： MPLS基础 ........................................................................................................ 46
2.1 MPLS基础 ........................................................................................................ 46
2.1.1 路由转发方式 .................................................................................................. 46
2.1.2 MPLS标签转发 ................................................................................................ 47
2.2 帧模式标签分配分发 ...................................................................................... 49
2.2.1 标签分配 .......................................................................................................... 49
2.2.2 特殊标签分配分发： ...................................................................................... 50
2.2.3 标签分发 .......................................................................................................... 51
2.2.4 MPLS环路检测 ................................................................................................ 52
第3章： MPLS VPN ......................................................................................................... 53
3.1 VPN入门 .......................................................................................................... 53
3.1.1 VPN分类 .......................................................................................................... 53
1、 shared PE VPN .................................................................................................. 54
3.2 Traceroute专题 ............................................................................................... 54
3.2.1 IP网络中的Traceroute： ............................................................................... 54
3.2.2 MPLS中的Traceroute： ................................................................................. 56
3.2.3 MTU 讲解： .................................................................................................... 57
3.2.4 PBR专题 ........................................................................................................... 58
3.3 MPLS VPN 基础 ............................................................................................... 59
3.3.1 PE与CE使用静态路由 ................................................................................... 62
3.3.2 PE与CE运行RIP协议 .................................................................................... 62
3.3.3 PE与CE运行EIGRP ........................................................................................ 63
3.3.4 CE与PE之间运行BGP ................................................................................... 64
3.3.5 PE-CE运行OSPF协议...................................................................................... 66
第4章： MPLS VPN的应用 ............................................................................................ 68
4.1 应用一：MPLS负载均衡： ............................................................................ 68
4.2 应用二、HUB-Spoke 结构的实现 .................................................................. 70
4.3 应用三、Extranet VPN ..................................................................................... 71
4.4 应用四、Internet Access ................................................................................. 71
4.4.1 模型一：路由泄露 .......................................................................................... 72
4.4.2 模型二：使用分离子接口或tunnel ............................................................... 73
4.4.3 模型三、Extranet with Internet-vpn ............................................................... 74
4.4.4 模型四、VRF –aware NAT ............................................................................... 75
4.5 应用五、VRF selection .................................................................................... 75
4.6 应用六、远程访问IPSec to Mpls vpn ............................................................. 76
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第5章： Inter-as VPN ...................................................................................................... 78
5.1 OptionA：back-to-back vrf method 背靠背VRF ............................................ 78
5.2 Option B：External MP-eBGP for VPNv4 ......................................................... 80
5.2.1 Option B (3条LSP) ........................................................................................... 80
5.2.2 Option B (2条LSP) ........................................................................................... 82
5.2.3 Option B (1条LSP) ........................................................................................... 82
5.3 Option C: Multi hop MP-eBGP between ASBRs ................................................ 83
5.3.1 Option C.1: ........................................................................................................ 83
5.3.2 Option C.2: multi-hop MP-eBGP between RR and eBGP between ASBRs ....... 84
5.4 Option A&B：Inter-as VPN OptionA.B ............................................................. 85
5.5 Mpls over GRE .................................................................................................. 86
5.6 MPLS VPN over L2TPv3 multi-tunnel 多点隧道 ............................................ 87
第6章： CSC Carrier supporting Carriers ........................................................................ 89
6.1 CSC模型中标签交换的方法 ........................................................................... 89
6.2 CSC三种模型 ................................................................................................... 90
6.2.1 模型一：二级运营商不运行MPLS ................................................................ 90
6.2.2 模型二：二级运营商运行MPLS .................................................................... 91
6.2.3 模型三：Custom Carrier Network运行MPLSvpn .......................................... 93
第7章： 负载均衡 .......................................................................................................... 94
7.1 进程转发负载 .................................................................................................. 94
7.2 快速转发负载 .................................................................................................. 94
7.3 CEF负载 ........................................................................................................... 94
7.4 Mpls负载均衡 ................................................................................................. 95
7.5 Mpls vpn负载 .................................................................................................. 95
7.6 mpls TE的负载均衡实例 ................................................................................. 96
第8章： MPLS TE .......................................................................................................... 103
8.1 MPLS TE的建立 ............................................................................................. 103
6、 路径维护 ........................................................................................................ 103
8.2 信息发布 ........................................................................................................ 103
8.3 路径计算与选择 ............................................................................................ 107
8.4 Mpls TE 配置步骤： ..................................................................................... 108
8.5 路径建立 ........................................................................................................ 110
8.6 准入控制 ........................................................................................................ 114
8.7 导入流量 ........................................................................................................ 114
8.8 路径维护 ........................................................................................................ 116
8.9 MPLS TE排错 ................................................................................................. 116
8.10 MPLS TE的三大功能： ................................................................................. 119
8.10.1 带宽保留 ........................................................................................................ 119
8.10.2 负载均衡 ........................................................................................................ 119
8.10.3 FRR（fast reroute ） ..................................................................................... 119
8.11 AutoTunnel自动隧道 .................................................................................... 127
8.11.1 Mash Tunnel ................................................................................................... 127
8.11.2 第二种Backup Tunnel ................................................................................... 130
8.12 MPLS Vpn 与MPLS TE合用 .......................................................................... 130
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